2025定语从句教案(分享二篇)
时间:2025-06-16 作者:妙笔网定语从句教案 篇1
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
一.关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2)whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
二.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如:
There are occasions when(on which)one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:
His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.
他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
三.判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。
Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错:
(错)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对)This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.
(对)Ill never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A。
例1变为肯定句:This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句:This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的'宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因in the museum词组,可用介词in + which引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on用的不对,所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom,that, which, whose);先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where地点状语,when时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
四.限制性和非限制性定语从句
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如:
This is the house which we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
定语从句教案 篇2
教学目标
1. 知识目标:掌握下列重点单词和词组的意思及用法ache, evercise, weight, give up, interest及其词汇转化
2. 能力目标:能够询问有关健康的信息,表达态度,提供建议。学习使用由whose引导的定语从句。
3.情感目标:通过了解tony 的经历,培养体谅、关爱他人的情感态度。
教学重难点
1.重点:对话中的句型应用,由whose引导的定语从句
2.难点:由whose引导的定语从句的`运用。
教学工具
课件
教学过程
[课前朗读]: 朗读生词ache, exercise, weight, give up, interest, tasty----taste, menu, persuade.根据音标读出单词并了解汉语意思,养成学生自主学习词汇的习惯,促使学生迅速进入学习状态。
[检查词汇预习]:
a.采取学生结对、小组互查等形式来检查学生对词汇的预习情况。
b.朗读单词,注意发音。
一、情境导入
教师可问学生:(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?这样会调动学生用英语思维的积极性, 引出本单元话题。
二、小听力(自主完成,合作释疑)
听Activity 2,完成表格
Betty
Lingling
Taijiquan
Weight
training
Running
针对表格进行说的练习。如:How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running?
三、大听力 多层听
1.听Activity 3,完成下列各题。
1).Who has Betty bumped into?
A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty
2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ?
A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesn’t C. We don’t know
3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ?
A. Something about staying healthy
B. Something about training for the Olympics
C. something about buying a camera
2. 再听Activity 3,完成下列表格。
1. How did Tony feel
the basketball training? 1. He feels very
2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____
3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time.
四、默读对话,自主完成Activity 4.
完成后小组展示并纠正。小组间合作解决activity 3中不懂的地方,教师适时点拨。
五、突破重点与难点
对重点内容和疑难问题进行合作探究学习。
1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻译)
(1) a bit 译为_____________. 其同义短语是___________.
自主造句:_______________________________.
2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________.
give up, 放弃。其中up是代词,后跟名词作宾语时可放在短语 ,也可放在 ,而跟代词宾语时只能放 。例如:give it/them up放弃做某事----give up doing sth.
自主造句: _______________________.
我们学过的可加动名词的动词或短语有
3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________
总结enough 的用法并举例
自主造句:
4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一个whose 引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,又如:
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman.
There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school.
先行词为无生命的物体时也可以用whose 引导定语从句.如:
The book whose cover is green is mine.
No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken.
5.找出含有whose 的定语从句并翻译句子。分析定语从句的先行词。
5. 自主补充完善
六、归纳短语
通过对对话的学习,让学生归纳本课的短语,可以小组合作,然后通过展示呈现出一个小组的成果,然后其他小组补充完善。
七、诵读积累
(一)跟录音机朗读对话,模仿语音语调。
(二)读熟对话
(三)读烂短语
(四)读烂下列重点句子
1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.
2. He isn’t fit or strong enough.
3.I’m not allowed to use it any more.
4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money.
5. Don’t talk to me about that.
6. What’s up?
7.Guess what?
8. (含有whose的定语从句)
八、说的训练:
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5.
九、当堂检测
翻译下列短语及句子:
1.放弃___________________
2.一点_____________________________
3.保持健康 _______________
4.足够强壮_________________
5.碰巧遇到_________________
6.发生什么事了?_________________
7.看起来像 ________________
8.祝你好运 ________________
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